How to Become a Teacher in India in 2024?

Introduction

Whenever we think about a teacher, we are flooded with memories and images from our childhood. Connecting dots to our school days, we create a mental image of ourselves trying to emulate our teachers. As students, a teacher is our role model.
Teachers have the power to influence the attitudes, behaviour, and values of their pupils. Teachers serve as inspiring examples to children – shaping their thought processes and future lives.
Teaching is not an easy job as we are not just preparing the next generation but also contributing to the future of a nation. In this blog, we cover in depth how to become a teacher in India at various grades ranging from elementary to senior secondary. But first, let’s look at why choosing a career in teaching is a good choice in the 21st century:
How you’ll look when you become a teacher in India
A teaching career is one of the most rewarding careers you can pursue. In addition to giving a sense of fulfilment, a career in teaching also has many perks, including guaranteed holidays, permanent positions, several allowances, and attractive pay packages.
Moreover, there is no denying that there always will be a demand for Teachers. According to Unesco's '2021 State of Education Report, 19%, or 1.1 million of the total teaching positions in schools, are vacant in India.
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The report states, “The need (for teachers) is likely to grow massively, given their shortages in the next 15 years. Moreover, factoring in an attrition rate of 5% per year, the total number of primary teachers needed climbs to 6.8 million globally.”
At a time when unemployment is rampant, lakhs of teacher vacancies remain unfilled. It is certain that a career in teaching will assure a lifetime of employment without fear of recession.
But, before we move ahead to unveiling the qualifications for how to become a teacher in India, let’s understand the structure of the teaching profession in India.

The Structure of the Teaching Profession in India

In India, the teaching profession is divided into two broad categories: 
  • Government Sector
  • Private Sector
Each sector allows various job opportunities and is categorised into level-specific education starting from pre-primary to higher secondary and positions in special categories as well. Let’s understand the difference between the Government Teaching sector and the Private teaching sector in detail.

Government Teaching Sector V/S Private Teaching Sector in India

How to become a Government teacher vs/ how to become a private teacher

What is a Government Teacher v/s What is a Private Teacher?

Government Teachers are employed by the government to teach in public schools & other educational institutions. Their salary, benefits, and job security are typically determined by government regulations and policies. They are also required to have specific qualifications and certifications to teach in their respective fields.
On the other hand, a private teacher is a teacher who is employed by a private school, tutoring company, or an individual. These teachers are typically not subject to the same regulations and policies as government teachers. Still, they are required to have certain qualifications and certifications depending on their employer's requirements.
The main difference between a government teacher and a private teacher is the nature of their employer and the regulations and policies that govern their employment. Now let’s understand how you can become a private teacher in India and how you can become a government teacher in India.

How to become a government teacher in India v/s how to become a private teacher in India?

The basic eligibility criteria for applying as a government teacher are graduation and a degree/diploma in education. A candidate must also have cleared the Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) at the central or state level.
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After qualifying the TET/CTET, candidates are required to apply for teacher recruitment notifications issued by the respective state governments. The recruitment process usually involves a written examination followed by an interview. The candidates are then shortlisted on the basis of their performance in written examination and class demo/ interview/skill test put together. This answers our question how to become a government teacher in India. Now let’s talk about the private sector.
Private schools, on the other hand, have variable standards across the country. Teacher vacancies in private schools are often released via notification from the institution, followed by a hiring process which can include interviews, demo classes, etc.
Myth Buster
Private schools in India do not mandate B.Ed/B.El.Ed qualifications for teaching positions. Other teaching qualifications including diplomas are widely accepted by private schools.
Many Suraasa-trained teachers are earning higher than standard average salaries in private schools with PgCTL (a diploma in teaching) and no B.Ed, check their stories here.

"I got promoted to the 2nd Incharge of the school with a 40% increment in my salary."

Amzad Khan

PgCTL Learner (Batch 39)

"I was recently offered a teaching job with almost 50% salary hike."

Tulsi Dutta

Pre-primary Teacher

Choosing between becoming a Government Teacher v/s becoming a Private teacher

It cannot be argued that in most cases, private schools provide better hygiene, environment, and infrastructural facilities to the children. Additionally, private schools have better management and limited batch size for each class.
On the other hand, government schools are considered better in terms of stature & stability. Government jobs also come with perks such as accommodation facilities, child-education benefits, pensions, etc.
It totally depends upon the candidate who is looking for a teaching job & their future in teaching. While many may choose private school teaching, there are also a lot of candidates who are putting in a lot of hard work to get selected as government school teachers. Therefore, the ultimate choice is of a TEACHER!
Here’s a tip: try becoming a good teacher (Read FAQs) and build it up from there!
Did You Know?
Did you know that you can become a teacher right after you graduate or completion of your higher secondary education? You can work as an Assistant Teacher or take a teaching internship. Read more about it in the FAQs section.
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Understanding the Education Structure in India to Become a Teacher

Now that we have an idea of the structure of the teaching profession in the country, let’s understand how teacher education works in India. This will ultimately help us better understand how to become a teacher in India.
Primarily two different formats of teacher education are known. These formats and their descriptions are given below:

Teaching Qualification

  • Minimum requirements to work as a teacher
  • Includes obtaining Degrees, Diplomas, Certificates, Teaching Licenses and qualifying Eligibility Tests.

TPDP

  • Ongoing educational programmes to enhance skills & stay up to date
  • Includes workshops, seminars, training sessions, courses, mentoring programmes, among others.

1. Teaching Qualification

Teaching qualification refers to the minimum educational and professional requirements that a person must possess to be eligible to work as a teacher. This typically involves obtaining a recognised teaching degree/diploma/certification, completing a teaching training programme, or obtaining a teaching license from the relevant education authority.

2. Teacher Professional Development Programmes

Teacher professional development programmes are ongoing educational programmes that help teachers to enhance their teaching skills and keep up with the latest trends and developments in education. These programmes can take various forms, including workshops, seminars, training sessions, online courses, and mentoring programmes. They aim to improve teaching effectiveness, increase classroom engagement, improve employability, and enhance student learning outcomes.
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In this guide, we will understand the different qualifications required for a candidate to understand how to become a teacher in India at a specific level in both government and private sector. We will also look at various professional development courses that can help you advance in your teaching career & improve your professional knowledge, practice, ethics, and growth.
Table of Contents

Different Levels of Teachers

Understanding different levels of teachers in India
In India, there are different levels of teachers, each with its own qualifications, responsibilities, and pay scales. Here are some of the common levels of teachers in India:

Pre-Primary Education in India

Pre-Primary education, also known as Early Childhood Care and Education, enrols children in nurseries (infants up to three years), lower kindergarten (LKG) (three to four years olds) and upper kindergarten (UKG) (four to five-year-olds).

Primary Education in India

Primary education is the first stage of formal education, coming after preschools/kindergarten and before secondary school. Primary education in India, or elementary education, lasts eight years. Children aged 6 to 14 years complete the following two stages: primary stage: Grades 1st to 5th, and Upper Primary stage: grades 6th to 8th.

Secondary Education in India

Secondary education lasts four years. Students aged 14 to 18 complete the following two stages: lower secondary education, concluded with exams for a Standard X certificate; upper secondary education, concluded with exams for a Standard XII certificate or a Vocational Standard XII certificate. Lower secondary education includes 9-10th standard & higher secondary education includes grades 11th-12th.

Special Education in India

Special education caters to a diverse range of students with various disabilities. These include students with intellectual disabilities, who require specialised instruction to address their limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive skills. It also serves students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), providing structured interventions and support.
Special Education programmes aim to meet the unique educational needs of each student and promote their overall development and inclusion in society.
Education Level Time Range of Grades Type of Teachers
Pre-Primary 3 years Upto Higher Kindergarten Pre-school Teachers or Early Childhood Education Teachers,
Primary 8 years From 1st Standard Upto 8th Standard PRT Teachers: Upto 5th Standard

TGT: For 6-8th Standard
Secondary 4 years From 9th Standard Upto 12th Standard TGT Teachers: Upto 10th Standard

PGT Teachers: For 11th & 12th Standard.
Special Education Can last the entire school life of a student Upto 12th Standard Special Education Teachers/Specialists
Table of Contents

Wrapping Up!

With the increasing demand for teachers and a high number of vacancies in the education sector, a career in teaching assures job security and stability. Whether in the government or private sector, there are opportunities at various levels of education, from pre-primary to secondary, and even in special education.
To become a teacher in India, one must meet the specific qualifications and certifications required by the respective sector and their desired level of teaching. Additionally, ongoing professional development programmes help teachers enhance their skills and stay updated with the latest trends in education. Ultimately, choosing a career in teaching depends on an individual's aspirations, preferences, and dedication to making a difference in the lives of students.
Need more guidance on how to start your teaching career? Book a 30-minute call with our experienced mentors and get personalised guidance today!
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Frequently Asked Questions

How many years does it take to become a teacher in India?
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How to become a teacher after graduation / after 12th standard?
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Is B.Ed the only career path to Teaching?
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Can you teach in a school without a B.Ed degree or any specific teaching experience?
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I am an experienced professional with no experience in teaching. Can I make a career shift to teaching?
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What are the career prospects for teachers in India?
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How to become a good teacher?
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Written By

Simran Agarwal

Simran is a writer here at Suraasa and has formerly worked as a Teacher. She is passionate about learning and making a difference through her words.

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